P0016: Crankshaft to Camshaft Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor A)

P0016: Crankshaft to Camshaft Correlation (Bank 1 Sensor A)

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P0016: Crankshaft to Camshaft Correlation – A Common Misdiagnosis

Look - OBD2 code P0016 indicates a timing issue between the crankshaft and camshaft on Bank 1 Sensor A. This doesn't just mean a bad sensor; it often points to a bigger problem like a stretched timing chain or belt, faulty camshaft phaser, or even oil flow issues to the VVT system. Ignoring this code can lead to severe engine damage and costly repairs.

Don't jump to conclusions and start replacing parts without a proper diagnosis. This code can be triggered by several underlying issues, and a system of checks is essential to pinpoint the real culprit. Get the right info for your specific vehicle by using the Mobile Master Mechanic app with your VIN.

Symptoms

  • Rough idling or stalling
  • Decreased engine performance
  • Check Engine Light illuminated
  • Increased fuel consumption
  • Unusual engine noises (ticking or knocking)
  • Failure to start
  • Error codes in addition to P0016 (like P0017 or P0018)

Diagnostic order

  1. Check the engine oil level and condition – should be between 5W-30 and 10W-30 viscosity; replace if dirty or low.
  2. Inspect camshaft and crankshaft sensors – measure resistance; should be around 1000-2000 ohms.
  3. Check the timing chain/belt tension – look for slack or wear; should not exceed 1/2 inch of play.
  4. Examine the VVT solenoid operation – apply 12V directly; it should click and actuate.
  5. Perform a visual inspection of the timing chain/belt for wear or misalignment.

Common questions

  • What causes P0016?

    Timing issues typically caused by a stretched timing chain, failing VVT solenoid, or a malfunctioning sensor.

  • Can I drive my car with P0016?

    It's not recommended. Driving can lead to severe engine damage.

  • How do I reset the check engine light after repairs?

    Use an OBD2 scanner to clear codes, or disconnect the battery for 15 minutes.

  • What should I check first?

    Start with the oil level and condition; VVT systems rely heavily on proper lubrication.

  • Will replacing the sensor fix the issue?

    Not necessarily. The problem may lie with timing components instead.

  • What if I see other codes like P0017?

    It indicates a similar problem on Bank 2; address all related codes simultaneously.

  • How can I check the timing chain/belt?

    Remove the timing cover and visually inspect for wear or slack.

  • What type of oil should I use?

    Refer to your owner's manual, but typically 5W-20 or 0W-20 for most modern engines.

Vehicle-specific notes

  • Ford EcoBoost engines often experience timing chain stretch; keep an eye out for oil changes every 5,000 miles.
  • Honda K-series engines (2.0/2.4) can have VVT issues if oil is not regularly changed; OCI should be 7,500 miles.
  • Toyota 2GR-FE V6 engines are sensitive to timing chain wear; inspect at 100,000 miles.
  • GM 3.6 LFX engines see issues with the VVT solenoid; listen for ticking sounds during idle.
  • Hyundai/Kia Theta II 2.0/2.4 engines have a history of VVT problems; check oil viscosity regularly.
  • Chrysler 3.6 Pentastar engines often throw P0016 along with oil pressure issues; maintain proper oil levels.
  • BMW N20/N54/N55 engines can have timing chain guide failures leading to this code; inspect around 80,000 miles.
  • Subaru EJ20/FA20 engines may require timing belt adjustments; monitor at 100,000 miles.
  • Nissan VQ35/VK56 engines should be inspected for VVT solenoid failure around 90,000 miles.
  • GM 2.4 Ecotec engines commonly face timing chain issues that can trigger P0016; check for proper tension frequently.

Parts and cost ranges

  • Camshaft Sensor: $50 - $150
  • Crankshaft Sensor: $60 - $160
  • Timing Chain/Belt: $100 - $500 (parts only)
  • VVT Solenoid: $80 - $200
  • Oil Change: $30 - $100

What people get wrong

  • Assuming it's just a sensor issue and replacing it without further checks.
  • Neglecting oil changes, which can lead to VVT system failures.
  • Overlooking related codes, which can lead to incomplete diagnostics.
  • Not checking for timing chain stretch or wear, which is often the real culprit.
  • Ignoring the importance of using the correct oil viscosity.

Related codes

For more insights, check out the following related codes: P0017, P0018, and P0021. Each can provide additional context to timing issues you may encounter.

Stop throwing parts at your car. The Mobile Master Mechanic app walks you through the exact diagnostic for YOUR specific VIN - engine, year, trim, even mileage-specific known issues. Free download.

-- Hank, Master Mechanic at Mobile Master Mechanic

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